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Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is a method used to draw an
object from six different viewpoints.
The orthographic projection is an accurate means to represent any 3D
object in 2D. The projection is normally drawn using three views; the front view, left or right side view, and plan views. These views
provide enough information about the object to be able to recreate the
3D version. |
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An orthographic projection may include both the left
and right hand sides of the object, and a projection would be complete
when it includes the rear and bottom views too, making a total of
six 2D views to illustrate the 3D object.
A standard drawing of an orthographic projection comprises the three
views, front side and plan.
There are two ways to draw an orthographic projection, one is called 'the '3rd angle
projection' and the other a '1st angle projection'. Both these
projections are used to accurately represent the model being drawn and
differ from each other only in how the front and side views are positioned in the
drawing.
There has been endless controversy about which projection is the best
one to use, suffice to say that the 3rd angle projection is considered
more logical in its layout and has always been the standard in USA. With the exception of the UK, the
1st angle projection is still the standard in Europe!
aspex Tabs is an educational software which will display both the 1st
and 3rd angle projection, it is an easy 3D
modeling software to use and children are rewarded with fast and
professional looking results.
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The 3rd angle projection is the most favoured of the two
projections and is commonly seen on technical and architectural drawings
in the UK. aspex Tabs can display the 3rd angle projection with either
the left or right views or with both. Children can also display the
projections rendered naturally, or solid white with lines, or as line
drawings with the hidden lines included! |
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3rd Angle Projection with right view.
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3rd Angle Projection with left and right views.
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3rd Angle project with left view. |
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An orthographic projection will always be accompanied by a symbol to
clearly show which projection has been drawn, and this is normally be
placed at the bottom of the drawing. A 3rd angle projection will be
indicated by the symbol shown here on the left.
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1st Angle Projection |
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The 1st angle projection displays the same drawings as the 3rd angle
projection, the difference is found in the way the views are arranged.
It is easy to see why the 1st angle projection is seen by some as
illogical, because when the projection is displayed showing the right
view, the view is actually placed on the left! and the top view is
placed at the bottom! However, the 1st angle projection is still the
standard projection for technical and architectural drawings in Europe. |
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1st Angle Projection with right view |
1st Angle Projection with left and right views. |
1st Angle project with left view |
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The symbol shown here on the left is used to denote that an orthographic
projection has been drawn in the 1st angle.
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An orthographic projection comprises six views of an objects, front,
back, right side, left side, top and bottom. However, it is common to
only use three of these views when drawing 1st or 3rd angle projection.
Here are all six views of the model of the mansion used on this page.
The mansion was made from simple 3D shapes
in aspex Tabs. |
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Bottom view
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Left view
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Right view
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Front view
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Back view
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Top view
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aspex Tabs will also display the isometric projection.
All of the projections available in the Tabs software can be displayed
fully rendered, as solid line drawings and as a line drawing showing the
hidden lines. |
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Isometric Projection |
Isometric projection as a solid lined object
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Isometric Projection
line drawing with 'hidden lines'
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“The work looks good, the software is
great…..”
P.M.
"the
program is just plain captivating." O.C.
"a wonderful introduction
to the whole idea of building real objects and tools in a digital environment."
B.M.
“…an
interactive, engaging and creative program."
E.C.
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